According to the Article IV of the Treaty of Izmir, the Heads of State/Government of the Member States meet biennially or more often if considered necessary by the Member States. The Summit meetings review the objective conditions and progress in implementation of ECO programmes and projects in the highest-level forum possible exchanging views on regional and global issues of common interest to the ECO region.
Since ECO enlargement in 1992, 15 Summit meetings have been held. The last meeting, 15th ECO Summit, was held on November 28, 2021 in Ashgabat, Turkmanistan.